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Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2003) - Bermuda (2008)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2003) z Bermuda (2008)

 Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2003)Bermuda (2008)
 Ashmore and Cartier IslandsBermuda
Administrative divisions - 9 parishes and 2 municipalities*; Devonshire, Hamilton, Hamilton*, Paget, Pembroke, Saint George*, Saint George's, Sandys, Smith's, Southampton, Warwick
Age structure - 0-14 years: 18.3% (male 6,094/female 6,014)


15-64 years: 69.2% (male 22,696/female 23,094)


65 years and over: 12.5% (male 3,597/female 4,668) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products - bananas, vegetables, citrus, flowers; dairy products, honey
Airports - 1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2007)
Area total: 5 sq km


land: 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island		 total: 53.3 sq km


land: 53.3 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC about one-third the size of Washington, DC
Background These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve. Bermuda was first settled in 1609 by shipwrecked English colonists headed for Virginia. Tourism to the island to escape North American winters first developed in Victorian times. Tourism continues to be important to the island's economy, although international business has overtaken it in recent years. Bermuda has developed into a highly successful offshore financial center. Although a referendum on independence from the UK was soundly defeated in 1995, the present government has reopened debate on the issue.
Birth rate - 11.26 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget - revenues: $738 million


expenditures: $665 million (FY04/05)
Capital - name: Hamilton


geographic coordinates: 32 17 N, 64 47 W


time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November
Climate tropical subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter
Coastline 74.1 km 103 km
Constitution - 8 June 1968; amended 1989 and 2003
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands


conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands		 conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Bermuda


former: Somers Islands
Death rate - 7.84 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external - $160 million (FY99/00)
Dependency status territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Consul General Gregory W. SLAYTON


consulate(s) general: Crown Hill, 16 Middle Road, Devonshire DVO3


mailing address: P. O. Box HM325, Hamilton HMBX; American Consulate General Hamilton, US Department of State, 5300 Hamilton Place, Washington, DC 20520-5300


telephone: [1] (441) 295-1342


FAX: [1] (441) 295-1592, [1] (441) 296-9233
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international nationalist group in Indonesia reportedly seeks to populate reefs to assert claims; Australia has moved to close reefs to Indonesian traditional fishing and to create a national park while prospecting for hydrocarbons in the vicinity none
Economic aid - recipient - $90,000 (2004)
Economy - overview no economic activity Bermuda enjoys the highest per capita income in the world, more than 50% higher than that of the US. Its economy is primarily based on providing financial services for international business and luxury facilities for tourists. A number of reinsurance companies relocated to the island following the 11 September 2001 attacks and again after Hurricane Katrina in August 2005, contributing to the expansion of an already robust international business sector. Bermuda's tourism industry - which derives over 80% of its visitors from the US - continues to struggle but remains the island's number two industry. Most capital equipment and food must be imported. Bermuda's industrial sector is small, although construction continues to be important; the average cost of a house in June 2003 had risen to $976,000. Agriculture is limited with only 20% of the land being arable.
Electricity - consumption - 574.8 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production - 618 million kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 3 m		 lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Town Hill 76 m
Environment - current issues NA sustainable development
Ethnic groups - black 54.8%, white 34.1%, mixed 6.4%, other races 4.3%, unspecified 0.4% (2000 census)
Exchange rates - Bermudian dollar per US dollar - 1.0000 (fixed rate pegged to the US dollar)
Executive branch - chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Sir Richard GOZNEY (since 12 December 2007)


head of government: Premier Ewart BROWN (since 30 October 2006); Deputy Premier Paula COX


cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor
Exports - 0 bbl/day (2005)
Exports - commodities - reexports of pharmaceuticals
Exports - partners - Spain 35.3%, UK 15.7%, Brazil 9.1%, Sweden 7.5% (2006)
Fiscal year - 1 April - 31 March
Flag description the flag of Australia is used red, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Bermudian coat of arms (white and green shield with a red lion holding a scrolled shield showing the sinking of the ship Sea Venture off Bermuda in 1609) centered on the outer half of the flag
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 1%


industry: 10%


services: 89% (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 4.6% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates 12 14 S, 123 05 E 32 20 N, 64 45 W
Geography - note Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983 consists of about 138 coral islands and islets with ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; some land was leased by US Government from 1941 to 1995
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports - 4,250 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities - clothing, fuels, machinery and transport equipment, construction materials, chemicals, food and live animals
Imports - partners - US 71.8%, Venezuela 6.9%, Canada 6.6% (2006)
Independence - none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - international business, tourism, light manufacturing
Infant mortality rate - total: 8.08 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 9.58 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 6.56 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 2.8% (November 2005)
International organization participation - Caricom (associate), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, ITUC, UPU, WCO
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) NA
Judicial branch - Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrate Courts
Labor force - 38,360 (2004)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture and fishing 3%, laborers 17%, clerical 19%, professional and technical 21%, administrative and managerial 15%, sales 7%, services 19% (2004 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (all grass and sand) (1998 est.)		 arable land: 20%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 80% (55% developed, 45% rural/open space) (2005)
Languages - English (official), Portuguese
Legal system the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply English law
Legislative branch - bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (11 seats; members appointed by the governor, the premier, and the opposition) and the House of Assembly (36 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve up to five-year terms)


elections: last general election held 18 December 2007 (next to be held not later than 2012)


election results: percent of vote by party - PLP 52.5%, UBP 47.3%; seats by party - PLP 22, UBP 14
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 78.13 years


male: 76 years


female: 80.29 years (2007 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 98%


male: 98%


female: 99% (2005 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, northwest of Australia, south of the Indonesian half of Timor island North America, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, east of South Carolina (US)
Map references Southeast Asia North America
Maritime claims contiguous zone: 12 NM


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation


exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM		 territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine - total: 133 ships (1000 GRT or over) 8,366,999 GRT/8,615,385 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 24, container 22, liquefied gas 30, passenger 23, passenger/cargo 5, petroleum tanker 15, refrigerated cargo 10, roll on/roll off 4


foreign-owned: 126 (Australia 4, Belgium 3, China 10, France 1, Germany 21, Greece 3, Hong Kong 4, Ireland 1, Israel 3, Japan 1, Nigeria 11, Norway 5, Singapore 1, Sweden 15, UK 20, US 23)


registered in other countries: 50 (Bahamas 12, Croatia 2, Marshall Islands 5, Philippines 31) (2007)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches - no regular military forces; Bermuda Police Service, Bermuda Reserve Constabulary, Bermuda Regiment
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 0.11% (2005 est.)
National holiday - Bermuda Day, 24 May
Nationality - noun: Bermudian(s)


adjective: Bermudian
Natural hazards surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards hurricanes (June to November)
Natural resources fish limestone, pleasant climate fostering tourism
Net migration rate - 2.34 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
People - note the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem -
Political parties and leaders - Progressive Labor Party or PLP [Ewart BROWN]; United Bermuda Party or UBP [Wayne FURBERT]
Political pressure groups and leaders - Bermuda Employer's Union [Eddie SAINTS]; Bermuda Industrial Union or BIU [Derrick BURGESS]; Bermuda Public Services Union or BPSU [Ed BALL]; Bermuda Union of Teachers [Michael CHARLES]
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island (July 2003 est.)		 66,163 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line - 19% (2000)
Population growth rate - 0.576% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only -
Radio broadcast stations - AM 5, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005)
Religions - Anglican 23%, Roman Catholic 15%, African Methodist Episcopal 11%, other Protestant 18%, other 12%, unaffiliated 6%, unspecified 1%, none 14% (2000 census)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.013 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.983 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.771 male(s)/female


total population: 0.959 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: good


domestic: fully automatic digital telephone system; fiber-optic trunk lines


international: country code - 1-441; landing point for the Atlantica-1 telecommunications submarine cable that extends from the US to Brazil; satellite earth stations - 3 (2007)
Telephones - main lines in use - 57,700 (2006)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 60,100 (2006)
Television broadcast stations - 3 (2005)
Terrain low with sand and coral low hills separated by fertile depressions
Total fertility rate - 1.88 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate - 2.1% (2004 est.)
Waterways none -
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